The Russian army lost at least 45,287 soldiers in 2024 as its war against Ukraine dragged into a third year.
This makes 2024 the deadliest year yet for Russian forces since the full-scale invasion began in February 2022. According to an investigation by the BBC in collaboration with independent Russian outlet Mediazona, 45,287 Russian troops were killed over the past year—up from 37,633 in 2023 and 17,890 in 2022.
The report, based on open-source data—including death notices, military memorials, and cemetery records—shows a steady monthly rise in casualties, mirroring Russian advances on the frontlines. On average, 27 Russian soldiers were killed for every square kilometer of territory gained in Ukraine.
Several deadly spikes were recorded throughout the year, notably during a Ukrainian incursion into Russia’s Kursk region in August and, more significantly, between September and November in eastern Ukraine. February 20 was the bloodiest day for Russian forces, with 201 confirmed deaths—including 65 soldiers killed during an award ceremony struck by Ukrainian missiles in Volnovakha.
Since the beginning of the invasion, the BBC says it has identified the names of 106,745 Russian troops killed in action. Adjusting for the identification rate—estimated between 45% and 65%—the actual death toll could range between 164,223 and 237,211.
Despite these staggering losses, Moscow has ramped up its mobilization efforts. Recruitment surged in the second half of 2024, spurred by lucrative signing bonuses and a controversial policy allowing some convicts to avoid prison by enlisting. Many of these volunteers were deployed to the front after just 10 to 14 days of basic training, with survival rates reported to be extremely low.
Amid stalled diplomacy and mounting casualties, analysts are questioning Russia’s long-term ability to sustain such a costly military campaign.